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| Mangrove Forest, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. |
Blue carbon is the carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems such as mangroves, tidal marshes and coastal seagrass meadows. These systems store large amount of carbon not only in the above and below ground biomass of the plants i.e. tree trunks, stems and leaves and root systems but also in the carbon-rich organic soils.
Watch this video by Conservation International, to understand What is Blue carbon ?
These ecosystems are valuable to coastal communities as they provide food, timber, source of livelihood and security from storms/cyclones etc. In the same way, they have many environmental benefits such as filtration of saline water, prevention of coastal erosion and biodiversity protection.
Mangroves are estimated to be worth at least US$1.6 billion each year in ecosystem services that support coastal livelihoods and human populations around the world*.
The Blue Carbon Initiative
Recently their role for mitigating climate change effects has also been recognized due to their ability to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. They can act as huge carbon sinks due to their capacity to store more carbon than the terrestrial forest.
Conversely, if they are degraded or damaged, not only their carbon sink capacity is lost but it releases the stored carbon causing carbon dioxide (CO2) release that can contribute to rise in greenhouse gases.
Experts estimate that as much as 1.02 billion tons of carbon dioxide are being released annually from degraded coastal ecosystems, which is equivalent to 19% of emissions from tropical deforestation globally*.
The Blue Carbon Initiative
On site projects and policy to protect and restore “Blue Carbon” ecosystems are being developed country wise as well as globally. For more information visit the The Blue Carbon initiative Website.
References –
IUCN. Issues brief - Blue carbon. International Union for Conservation of Nature website, https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-briefs/blue-carbon. Accessed on 16/12/2020.
NOAA. What is Blue Carbon? National Ocean Service website, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/bluecarbon.html. 07/24/19
The Blue Carbon Initiative. Mitigating climate change through coastal ecosystem management. The Blue Carbon Initiative website. https://www.thebluecarboninitiative.org/. Accessed on 16/12/2020
